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=== Hair ===
=== Hair ===
Joint hair (under the arms and in the crotch) should be maintained (not cut or plucked). This hair should be cleaned daily. A little bit of oil should be applied afterwards, and the hair may be combed. This practice helps to regulate the vital energies (''práńáh''). It strengthens the nervous system by maintaining a balance of body heat. The oil also serves as a natural deodorant.
Joint hair (under the arms and in the crotch) should be maintained (not cut or plucked). This hair should be cleaned daily. A little bit of oil should be applied afterwards, and the hair may be combed. This practice helps to regulate the vital energies (''práńáh''). It strengthens the nervous system by maintaining a balance of body heat. The oil also serves as a natural deodorant.
=== Underwear ===
Wear appropriate underwear. For men, this means a special loincloth, called a ''[[wikipedia:Langota|langota]]''. For women, this means panties and brassiere (or tight-fitting vest). This practice protects the sexual organs and prevents unnecessary stimulation of those organs, thereby reducing the sexual drive and enabling higher expressions of love that originate at the ''[[wikipedia:Anahata|anáhata cakra]]''.
=== Constant cleanliness ===
Before meditation, meals, and sleep, perform ''vyápaka shaoca'' (half-bath). This is done by first washing (with water) the genital area, second hands up to elbows and legs up to knees; then, taking a mouthful of water, splash water on the eyes and face at least twelve times. Finally wash the ears and the neck. If your stomach is empty, you may also do ''násápána'' (flushing the nostrils with water). This practice gives a sense of freshness and energy, lowers blood pressure, and improves eyesight.
=== Bath ===
[[Image:Pp-all-no arrows.jpg|thumb|220px|right|upright|Bath mantra]]
Take a full bath at least once a day. In a very hot climate, take a full bath at least twice a day. Before drying the body, face the sun or a bright light, and perform the bath mantra (''pitr yajiṋa''). The associated gestures express the spirit of the mantra while ensuring that the rays of light are absorbed evenly throughout the upper torso. This practice amplifies the benefits of [[#Constant cleanliness|half-bath]] and promotes humility and spirituality.
=== Food ===
Both body and mind require food. Hence, food may be either carbonic or non-carbonic. In both cases, appropriate food should be consumed.
The three categories of food are:
* ''Sáttvika'' – Sentient (good for both body and mind)
* ''Rájasika'' – Mutative (good for either the body or mind and neutral for the other)
* ''Támasika'' – Static (bad for either the body or mind)
The rule is to eat in moderation, preferring ''sáttvika'' food and avoiding ''támasika'' food. It should also be kept in mind that there may be some variations from person to person and climate to climate.
This practice strengthens both body and mind. It also enables the second stage of [[neohumanism]], spirituality as a principle.


==References==
==References==
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* {{cite book|title=Neohumanism in a Nutshell, vol. 1 |last=Sarkar |first=Prabhat Ranjan |year=1987 |publisher=Ananda Marga Publications |location=Kolkata |ISBN=81-7252-184-7}}
* {{cite book|title=Neohumanism in a Nutshell, vol. 1 |last=Sarkar |first=Prabhat Ranjan |year=1987 |publisher=Ananda Marga Publications |location=Kolkata |ISBN=81-7252-184-7}}
* {{cite book|title=Neohumanism in a Nutshell, vol. 2 |last=Sarkar |first=Prabhat Ranjan |year=1987 |publisher=Ananda Marga Publications |location=Kolkata |ISBN=81-7252-184-7}}
* {{cite book|title=Neohumanism in a Nutshell, vol. 2 |last=Sarkar |first=Prabhat Ranjan |year=1987 |publisher=Ananda Marga Publications |location=Kolkata |ISBN=81-7252-184-7}}
{{refend}}
== External links ==
* [http://www.anandamarga.org/ ''Ananda Marga''.org]
* [http://www.anandamarga.net/ ''Ananda Marga''.net]
* [http://am-bhagavatadharma.com/ ''Ananda Marga Bhagavatadharma'']
* [http://www.amaye.org/ "''Ananda Marga'' Association of ''Yoga'' Educators" (AMAYE)]
* [http://www.amurt.org "''Ananda Marga'' Universal Relief Team" (AMURT)]
== History ==
On 1939 August 2, (at 8:30&nbsp;pm, on the [[:wikipedia:full moon|full moon]] day of ''Shravani''<ref group=note>''[[wikipedia:Shraavana|Shravan]]'' is the fifth month of the Indian lunar calendar, beginning in late July and ending in the third week of August. It is the month of festivals, commemorating the precedence of the sacred over all aspects of life.</ref> ''Purnima''<ref group=note>''[[wikipedia:Shraavana|Shravani]]'' ''[[wikipedia:Purnima (day)|Purnima]]'' is the [[wikipedia:Full moon|full moon]] in the month of ''Shravan''.</ref>), Sarkar imparted tantric initiation to Kalicharan Bandyopadhyay (after aka Kalikananda Avadhuta) at the ''Kashi Mitra Ghát́'' on the bank of the [[:wikipedia:Bhagirathi|Bhagirathi]] river in [[:wikipedia:Kolkata|Kalikata]] (aka Kolkata or Calcutta), [[:wikipedia:West Bengal|West Bengal]], India. This was the start of Sarkar's formal teaching. Sarkar was 18 years old at the time. From 1941 until 1954, Sarkar continued teaching the [[Yoga|yogic]] techniques of tantra<ref group=note>P.R. Sarkar clearly explained in his books the meaning of ''Tantra'':  "What is ''Tantra''? The process of transforming (latent divinity) into the Supreme Divinity is known as ''Tantra sadhana''... The significance of the term ''tantra'' is 'liberation from bondage (the bondage of dullness or staticity)'. The letter ''ta'' is the seed (sound) of dulness. And the root verb ''trae'' suffixed by ''da'' becomes ''tra'', which means 'that which liberates' - so the spiritual practice which liberates the aspirant from the dullness or animality of the static force and expands the aspirant's (spiritual) self is ''Tantra sadhana''. So there cannot be any spiritual practice without ''Tantra''. {{cite book |title=Discourses on Tantra |volume=2 |author=Shrii Shrii Anandamurti (Ac. Vijayananda Avt. Editor) |publisher= AMPS-Ananda Printers |year=1994}} "''Tantra'' in itself is neither a religion nor an 'ism'. Tantra is a fundamental spiritual science. So wherever there is any spiritual practice it should be taken for granted that it stands on the ''Tantric'' cult. Where there is no spiritual practice, where people pray to God for the fulfillment of narrow worldly desires, where people's only slogan is "Give us this and give us that" – only there do we find that Tantra is discouraged. So only those who do not understand ''Tantra'', or even after understanding ''Tantra'' do not want to do any spiritual practice, oppose the cult of ''Tantra''." (Anandamurti, Shrii Shrii, 1959).</ref> to a select few in [[:wikipedia:Jamalpur, Munger|Jamalpur]] (in Bihar, India), while employed as an accountant of the [[wikipedia:Indian Railways|Indian Railways]]. In 1955, Sarkar founded the [[Ananda Marga Pracaraka Samgha]], taking on the role of its first president. Sarkar then resigned from his job with the Indian Railways to dedicate his full time to that mission. From 1955 until his death in 1990, Sarkar not only went on expanding the scope and global penetration of the Samgha, but he also continuously amplified the teachings and practices of his Ananda Marga. Among other things, in the course of those 35 years, he produced over 200 books on a wide range of topics, he extensively expounded his social theory ([[PROUT]]), he set forth his ultra-positive social outlook ([[Neohumanism]]), and he composed 5,018 songs ([[Prabhat Samgiita]]). To promote his Ananda Marga, Sarkar created a cadre of spiritual teachers, known as [[tattvika]]s and [[acarya]]s. Those teachers who became renunciates were initiated by Sarkar into the [[wikipedia:Shaivism|Shaivite]] order of [[avadhuta]]. 
Unlike most other tantric or yogic missions, Ananda Marga has only one Guru, Shrii Shrii Anandamurti. After his demise, the role of Marga Gurudeva was not passed on to a successor. Hence, the fundamental philosophy and practices of Ananda Marga are largely fixed.
== Conceptual framework ==
Just as the [[wikipedia:Noble Eightfold Path|eight-fold path of Buddhism]] is inspired by what Buddhists refer to as the [[wikipedia:Four Noble Truths|Four Noble Truths]], Ananda Marga is also guided by a well-developed conceptual framework. This is set out in the five chapters of Sarkar's [[Ananda Sutram]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Ánanda Sútram |author=Shrii Shrii Anandamurti |location=Jamalpur |publisher= Ananda Marga Pubs |year=1961 |ISBN=978-8172520274}}</ref>
In philosophical terms, the stance of Ananda Marga is best described as ''advaetadvaetádvaetaváda'' (non-dualistic dualistic non-dualism).<ref>{{citation|title=Namami Krsnasundaram |last={{aut|[[Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar|Anandamurti]]}}|first={{aut|[[Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar|Shrii Shrii]]}} (Ac. Pranavananda Avt. Editor, Ac. Vijayananda Avt. transl. from Bengali) |location=Kolkata |year=1981-1th ed. and followings |publisher= Ananda Marga Pracaraka Samgha |ISBN=978-8172521110}}</ref> Originally and ultimately, everything is the singular consciousness.
In psychological terms, the stance of Ananda Marga is positive and optimistic. In a nutshell:
# The desire for ''sukha'' (happiness) is the primary drive of living beings.
# Only establishment in unlimited happiness can satisfy all thirsts.
# The unlimited is a singular, supreme entity (Brahma), beyond physical and psychic constraints.
# Consciously striving for attainment of the Supreme is ''dharma sádhaná'' ([[wikipedia:Self-actualization|self-actualization]]).
According to Sarkar, when a conscious desire for liberation or perfection arises in the mind, one attains the ''sadguru'' (unfailing spiritual guide).<ref>{{cite book |title=Ánanda Sútram |author=Shrii Shrii Anandamurti |location=Jamalpur |publisher= Ananda Marga Pubs |year=1961 |ISBN=978-8172520274}}</ref>
In practical terms, the stance of Ananda Marga is rational and pragmatic. Ananda Marga rejects dogma and ritualistic worship, including religious prayer, in favor of subjective approach through objective adjustment.<ref>{{cite book |title=Ánanda Sútram |author=Shrii Shrii Anandamurti |location=Jamalpur |publisher= Ananda Marga Pubs |year=1961 |ISBN=978-8172520274}}</ref> To enhance devotion (love for the Supreme), Ananda Marga prescribes various yogic and tantric practices for physical, mental, and spiritual development, which Sarkar encapsulated in his [[#Discipline|Sixteen Points]].<ref group=note>Sarkar formulated his Sixteen Points in 1971 about a month before his arrest on December 29.</ref>
In social terms, the stance of Ananda Marga is unifying. Ananda Marga sees a happy blending of individual and collective welfare. In the final analysis, the welfare of the individual depends on the welfare of the collectivity and vice versa.<ref>{{cite book |title=Ánanda Sútram |author=Shrii Shrii Anandamurti |location=Jamalpur |publisher= Ananda Marga Pubs |year=1961 |ISBN=978-8172520274}}</ref> To materialize a progressive society in which this condition is recognized and materialized, Sarkar introduced his [[Progressive Utilization Theory]] and [[Neohumanism]].
== Discipline ==
The practical discipline (cult) of Ananda Marga consists of sixteen elements and is hence commonly referred to as the Sixteen Points.
==References==
=== Footnotes ===
{{refbegin}}
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{{refend}}
=== Citations ===
{{refbegin}}
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
{{refend}}
=== Sources ===
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* {{citation|title=Anandamurti As I Knew Him |last={{aut|Vijayananda}} |first=Avt. |location=Kolkata |publisher= Ananda Marga-Ananda Publications |year=1994 |ISBN= 81-7252-072-7}}
====Online sources====
* {{citation|last= {{aut|Monier Williams}} |url= http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/monier/ |year= 2012 |publisher= Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries of the State University of Cologne |title= Monier Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary On-line |accessdate= 23 December 2012 |ref= {{sfnRef|Monier Williams|2012}}}}
{{refend}}
* {{citation|last= {{aut|A. Jones and A.D. Ryan}} |url= http://hinduism.enacademic.com/67/Ananda_Marga_Yoga_Society/ |year= 2007 |publisher= Encyclpedia of Hinduism |title= Ananda Marga Yoga Society |accessdate= 16 August 2013 |ref= {{sfnRef|Monier Williams|2012}}}}
{{refend}}
== Further reading ==
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite book|title=Teaching asanas: An Ananda Marga manual for teacher |author=Ananda Marga Aa. Vv. |year=1973, 2nd ed. |location=Los Altos Hills |publisher=Ananda Marga Publications |ISBN=0-88476-000-6}}
* {{cite book|title=Neo-Humanist Ecology |author=Acarya Prasiidananda Avadhuta |year=1990 |publisher=Ananda Marga Publications |ISBN=971-8623-12-4}}
* {{cite book|title=Neo-humanist Education: Education for a New World |author= Avadhūtika Ānanda Mitra Ācāryā |year= 1986 | publisher=Ananda Marga Publications |ISBN=0-88476-007-3}}
* {{cite book|title=Ananada Marga Caryacarya, part 1 |last=Anandamurti |first=Shrii Shrii |year=1995-6th ed. |publisher=''Ananda Marga'' Publications |ISBN=81–7252–028–X}}
* {{cite book|title=Ananada Marga Caryacarya, part 2 |last=Anandamurti |first=Shrii Shrii |year=1987-4th ed. |publisher=''Ananda Marga'' Publications}}
* {{cite book|title=Ananada Marga Caryacarya, part 3 |last=Anandamurti |first=Shrii Shrii |year=1992-4th ed. |publisher=''Ananda Marga'' Publications |ISBN=81–7252–154–5}}
* {{cite book|title=Ánanda Sútram |last=Anandamurti |first=Shrii Shrii |location=Jamalpur |publisher= Ananda Marga Pubs |year=1961 |ISBN=81– 7252– 027– 1}}
* Nandita, & Devadatta. (1971). [http://worldcatlibraries.org/oclc/1954270&referer=brief_results Path of bliss: Ananda Marga yoga]. Wichita, Kan: Ananda Marga Publishers.
* Hatley, Shaman and Inayatullah, Sohail. (1999),"Karma Samnyasa: Sarkar’s reconceptualization of Indian ascetism”, in K. Ishwaran, ed., Ascetic culture: renunciation and worldly engagement (Leiden, Brill,Vol. 73, International Studies in Sociology and Social Anthropology),139-152
* Inayatullah, Sohail. (2002) Understanding Sarkar: The Indian Episteme, Macrohistory and Transformative Knowledge. Leiden: Brill.
* Tarak. (1990). [http://worldcatlibraries.org/oclc/27387128&referer=brief_results Ananda Marga, social and spiritual practices]. Calcutta: Ananda Marga Publications.
* [[Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar|Anandamurti, Shrii Shrii]]. (1988). [http://worldcatlibraries.org/oclc/25872096&referer=brief_results ''Ananda Marga'' ideology and way of life in a nutshell]. Calcutta: ''Ānanda Mārga Pracāraka Saṁgha''.
* {{cite book|title=Problems of the Day |last=Sarkar |first=Prabhat Rainjan |location=Jamalpur |publisher= Ananda Marga Pubs |year=1957-1968 |ISBN=81-7252-019-0}}
* {{cite book|title=Idea and Ideology |author=[[Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar|Sarkar, Prabhat Rainjan]] (Ac. Pranavnanda Avt. Editor) |location=Kolkata |year=1961-2001 |publisher=Ananda Marga Publications |isbn=81-7252-205-3}}
* {{cite book|title=Yogic Treatments and Natural Remedies |last=Sarkar |first=Prabhat Rainjan |year=1957 first ed. in Bengali, 1983 first ed. in English |location=Jamalpur/Calcutta |publisher=Ananda Marga Publications |ISBN=81–7252–178–2}}
* {{cite book|title=The Liberation of Intellect: Neohumanism |last=Sarkar |first=Prabhat Rainjan |year=1982 |publisher=Ananda Marga Publications |location=Kolkata |ISBN=81–7252–168–5}}
* {{cite book|title=Neohumanism in a Nutshell, vol. 1 |last=Sarkar |first=Prabhat Rainjan |year=1987 |publisher=Ananda Marga Publications |location=Kolkata |ISBN=81-7252-184-7}}
* {{cite book|title=Neohumanism in a Nutshell, vol. 2 |last=Sarkar |first=Prabhat Rainjan |year=1987 |publisher=Ananda Marga Publications |location=Kolkata |ISBN=81-7252-184-7}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


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