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Ananda Sutram: Difference between revisions
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| name = Ananda Sutram | | name = Ananda Sutram | ||
| image = Ananda_Sutram_01_Cover.jpg | | image = Ananda_Sutram_01_Cover.jpg | ||
| | | caption = "Ananda Sutram": the front cover | ||
| author = [[Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar|Shrii Shrii Anandamurti | | author = [[Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar|Shrii Shrii Anandamurti]] | ||
| title_orig = | | title_orig = | ||
| translator = | | translator = | ||
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| cover_artist = | | cover_artist = | ||
| country = | | country = | ||
| language = | | language = English | ||
| series = | | series = | ||
| subject = | | subject = Philosophy | ||
| genre = | | genre = | ||
| publisher = Ananda Marga Publications | | publisher = Ananda Marga Publications{{sfn|Ananda Marga Publications}} | ||
| pub_date = 1961 | | pub_date = Front cover of the 1961 first edition (IND) | ||
| english_pub_date = | | english_pub_date = | ||
| media_type = print | | media_type = print | ||
| pages = 80 | | pages = 80 | ||
| isbn = | | isbn = 978-81-7252-027-4 | ||
| oclc = | | oclc = | ||
| dewey = | | dewey = | ||
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| followed_by = | | followed_by = | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''''Ananda Sutram'''''<ref group=note>''Ananda Sutram'' means, in part, “aphorisms leading to [[:wikipedia:Ananda (disambiguation)|ananda]], divine bliss”. The literal meaning of sutra is “thread”, implying that numerous jewels of thought can be strung on a single such thread. In the traditions of [[:wikipedia:Sūtra|sutra literature]], the sutra form has been valued over the centuries as a powerful tool for communicating a deep philosophy in a condensed, memorable way.</ref> is a book composed in [[:wikipedia:Sanskrit language|Saḿskrta]] by [[Shrii Shrii Anandamurti]] in 1961.<ref group=note>Between 1955 and 1990 the author wrote in English, [[:wikipedia:Bengali language|Bengali]] and [[:wikipedia:Hindi|Hindi]]. Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar wrote in the name "Shrii Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar" when treating [[:wikipedia:Sociology|sociology]], [[:wikipedia:Economics|economics]], [[:wikipedia:Philology|philology]] and various other subjects, and in the name ""Shrii Shrii Ánandamúrti"" when focusing on spiritual topics. Many of his books he gave as dictations; others were compiled from his discourses, some of them in small pocket-books.</ref> | |||
In this book the author authoritatively summarized the entire [[Ananda Marga]] ideology. | |||
The text consists of five chapters of eighty-five sutras describing the universe, the mind, the spirit and the foundations of a healthy society. | The text consists of five chapters of eighty-five ''sutras'' (threads) describing the universe, the mind, the spirit, and the foundations of a healthy society. | ||
== Background == | |||
Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar, the founder of Ananda Marga, dictated the original Bengali Ananda Sutram to a close devotee as they sat, in a series of night sessions in 1961, on the tiger’s grave in Jamalpur. | |||
==Chapter 1: Brahma Cakra== | ==Chapter 1: Brahma Cakra== | ||
1-1. ''Shivashaktyátmakam Brahma'': [[:wikipedia:Brahma|Brahma]] is the composite of [[:wikipedia:Shiva|Shiva]] and [[:wikipedia:Shakti|Shakti]]<br> | 1-1. ''Shivashaktyátmakam Brahma'': [[:wikipedia:Brahma|Brahma]] is the composite of [[:wikipedia:Shiva|Shiva]] and [[:wikipedia:Shakti|Shakti]]<br> | ||
1-2. ''Shaktih Sá Shivasya Shaktih'': [[:wikipedia:Shakti|Shakti]] (the Operative Principle) is the shakti (force) of [[:wikipedia:Shiva|Shiva]].<br> | 1-2. ''Shaktih Sá Shivasya Shaktih'': [[:wikipedia:Shakti|Shakti]] (the Operative Principle) is the shakti (force) of [[:wikipedia:Shiva|Shiva]].<br> | ||
1-3. ''Tayoh siddhih saincare pratisaincare ca'': [[:wikipedia:Samkhya#Puru.E1.B9.A3a|Puruśa]] and [[:wikipedia:Prakrti|Prakrti]] find their fulfilment in saincara ( | 1-3. ''Tayoh siddhih saincare pratisaincare ca'': [[:wikipedia:Samkhya#Puru.E1.B9.A3a|Puruśa]] and [[:wikipedia:Prakrti|Prakrti]] find their fulfilment in saincara (extroversive movement) and pratisaincara (introversive movement). <br> | ||
1-4. ''Paramashivah Puruśottamah vishvasya kendram'': Supreme Consciousness at the nucleus of the universe is known as Paramashiva or Puruśottama.<br> | 1-4. ''Paramashivah Puruśottamah vishvasya kendram'': Supreme Consciousness at the nucleus of the universe is known as Paramashiva or Puruśottama.<br> | ||
1-5. ''Pravrttimukhii saincarah guńadháráyám'': Saincara (in the Cosmic Cycle) is the gradual extroversial movement under the increasing influence of the guńas (binding principles).<br> | 1-5. ''Pravrttimukhii saincarah guńadháráyám'': Saincara (in the Cosmic Cycle) is the gradual extroversial movement under the increasing influence of the guńas (binding principles).<br> | ||
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1-7. ''{{IAST|Drk Puruśah darshanaḿ Shaktishca}}'': Puruśa is the substantiator, the ultimate witness; (the actional faculty of) Prakrti is the act of witnessing (and that which is witnessed).<br> | 1-7. ''{{IAST|Drk Puruśah darshanaḿ Shaktishca}}'': Puruśa is the substantiator, the ultimate witness; (the actional faculty of) Prakrti is the act of witnessing (and that which is witnessed).<br> | ||
1-8. ''Guńabandhanena guńábhivyaktih'': As the guńas increase their bondage, they express themselves fully in the emergence of the fundamental factors.<br> | 1-8. ''Guńabandhanena guńábhivyaktih'': As the guńas increase their bondage, they express themselves fully in the emergence of the fundamental factors.<br> | ||
1-9. ''Guńádhikye jad́asphot́ah bhútasámyábhávát'': Due to excessive pressure of the guńas, proper balance among the bhútas ([[:wikipedia: | 1-9. ''Guńádhikye jad́asphot́ah bhútasámyábhávát'': Due to excessive pressure of the guńas, proper balance among the bhútas ([[:wikipedia:Classical element#Classical elements in India|five fundamental factors]]) is lost and jad́asphot́a (explosion of matter) occurs.<br> | ||
1-10. ''Guńaprabhávena bhútasaungharśádbalam'': Due to the increasing influence of the guńas, clash occurs among the fundamental factors and bala (energy) is produced.<br> | 1-10. ''Guńaprabhávena bhútasaungharśádbalam'': Due to the increasing influence of the guńas, clash occurs among the fundamental factors and bala (energy) is produced.<br> | ||
1-11. ''Dehakendrikáńi parińámabhútáńi baláni práńáh'': The resultant interial force forming the nucleus within the physical structure and maintaining its solidarity, is called [[:wikipedia:Prana|práńáh]] (vital energy).<br> | 1-11. ''Dehakendrikáńi parińámabhútáńi baláni práńáh'': The resultant interial force forming the nucleus within the physical structure and maintaining its solidarity, is called [[:wikipedia:Prana|práńáh]] (vital energy).<br> | ||
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==Chapter 3: Mind and Sadhana== | ==Chapter 3: Mind and Sadhana== | ||
3-1. ''{{IAST|Paiṋcakośátmiká jaeviisattá kadaliipuśpavat}}'': The living being is the composite of five [[:wikipedia:Kosha|kośas]] (layers of mind), like a plantain flower (with its petals).<br> | 3-1. ''{{IAST|Paiṋcakośátmiká jaeviisattá kadaliipuśpavat}}'': The living being is the composite of five [[:wikipedia:Kosha|kośas]] (layers of mind), like a plantain flower (with its petals).<br> | ||
3-2. ''Saptalokátmakam Brahmamanah'': The Cosmic Mind is the composite of seven [[:wikipedia:lokas]] (layers, worlds).<br> | 3-2. ''Saptalokátmakam Brahmamanah'': The Cosmic Mind is the composite of seven [[:wikipedia:lokas|lokas]] (layers, worlds).<br> | ||
3-3. ''Kárańamanasi diirghanidrá marańam'': Long sleep in the causal mind is death.<br> | 3-3. ''Kárańamanasi diirghanidrá marańam'': Long sleep in the causal mind is death.<br> | ||
3-4. ''Manovikrtih vipákápekśitá samskárah'': A distortion of the mind-stuff waiting for expression (i.e. | 3-4. ''Manovikrtih vipákápekśitá samskárah'': A distortion of the mind-stuff waiting for expression (i.e. a reaction in potentiality) is known as a samskára.<br> | ||
3-5. ''Videhiimánase na kartrtvam na sukháni na duhkháni'': In the bodiless mind there is no doership, no feeling of pleasure or pain.<br> | 3-5. ''Videhiimánase na kartrtvam na sukháni na duhkháni'': In the bodiless mind there is no doership, no feeling of pleasure or pain.<br> | ||
3-6. ''Abhibhávanát cittáńusrśt́apretadarshanam'': The sight of ghosts is created by the cittáńu (mind-stuff) in concentrated thought.<br> | 3-6. ''Abhibhávanát cittáńusrśt́apretadarshanam'': The sight of ghosts is created by the cittáńu (mind-stuff) in concentrated thought.<br> | ||
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5-10. ''{{IAST|Atiriktaḿ pradátavyam guńánupátena}}'': The surplus wealth should be distributed among meritorious people according to the degree of their merit.<br> | 5-10. ''{{IAST|Atiriktaḿ pradátavyam guńánupátena}}'': The surplus wealth should be distributed among meritorious people according to the degree of their merit.<br> | ||
5-11. ''Sarvanimnamánavardhanam samájajiivalakśańam'': Increasing the minimum standard of living of the people is the indication of the vitality of society.<br> | 5-11. ''Sarvanimnamánavardhanam samájajiivalakśańam'': Increasing the minimum standard of living of the people is the indication of the vitality of society.<br> | ||
5-12. ''Samájádeshena viná | 5-12. ''Samájádeshena viná dhanasaiṋcayah akartavyah'': There should be no accumulation of wealth without the permission of society.<br> | ||
5-13. ''Sthúlasúkśmakárańeśu caramopayogah prakartavyah vicárasamarthitam vańt́anainca'': There should be maximum utilization and rational distribution of the crude, subtle, and causal resources.<br> | 5-13. ''Sthúlasúkśmakárańeśu caramopayogah prakartavyah vicárasamarthitam vańt́anainca'': There should be maximum utilization and rational distribution of the crude, subtle, and causal resources.<br> | ||
5-14. ''Vyaśt́isamaśt́isháriiramánasádhyátmikasambhávanáyám caramo’payogashca'': There should be maximum utilization of the physical, mental, and spiritual potentialities of the individual and collective beings.<br> | 5-14. ''Vyaśt́isamaśt́isháriiramánasádhyátmikasambhávanáyám caramo’payogashca'': There should be maximum utilization of the physical, mental, and spiritual potentialities of the individual and collective beings.<br> | ||
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''Pragatishiila upayogatattvamidam sarvajanahitártham sarvajanasukhártham pracáritam.'' This is the [[Progressive Utilization Theory]], propounded for the happiness and all-round welfare of all. | ''Pragatishiila upayogatattvamidam sarvajanahitártham sarvajanasukhártham pracáritam.'' This is the [[Progressive Utilization Theory]], propounded for the happiness and all-round welfare of all. | ||
== | == Publication == | ||
Ananda Sutram was first published on 18 June 1962 by [[Ananda Marga Pracaraka Samgha]]. The book has been published and translated into several languages including Bengali, Hindi, English. | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
{{Portal|Literary works of Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar}} | |||
=== Footnotes === | === Footnotes === | ||
{{reflist|group=note}} | {{reflist|group=note}} | ||
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=== Sources === | === Sources === | ||
==== | * {{cite book|title=The Spiritual Philosophy of Shrii Shrii Anandamurti: a Commentary on Ananda Sutram |author= Avadhūtika Ānanda Mitra Ācāryā |year=1981 |location=DenverColorado |publisher=Ananda Marga Publications |ISBN= 81-7252-154-5}} | ||
* {{cite book |title=Ánanda Sútram |author=Shrii Shrii Anandamurti |location=Jamalpur |publisher= Ananda Marga Pubs |year=1961 |ISBN=978-8172520274}} | |||
* {{cite web|last={{aut|Ananda Marga Publications}}|url=http://shop.anandamarga.org/ |year= 2012 |publisher= Ananda Marga Publications |title= Ananda Marga Publications web site |accessdate= 25 October 2013}} | |||
[[Category: | [[Category:Literary works of Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar]] | ||
[[Category:Ananda Sutram]] | |||